Bibliography
General works
Alcock, S., The Early Roman Empire in the East, Oxford, 1997.
Ball, W., Rome in the East: the Transformation of an Empire, London, 2000.
Binst, O. (ed.), The Levant: History and Archaeology in the Eastern Mediterranean, Cologne, 1999.
Bowersock, G., Roman Arabia, Cambridge,
Butcher, K., Roman Syria and the Near East, London, 2003.
Millar, F., The Roman Near East, Cambridge,
History
Bowersock, G. ‘Syria under Vespasian’, Journal of Roman Studies 63 (1973), pp. 123-129.
Dignas, B., Winter, E., Rome and Persia in Late Antiquity: Neighbours and Rivals, Cambridge, 2007.
Dodgeon, M.H., Lieu, S.N.C., The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian Wars, AD 226-363: A Documentary History, London, 1991.
Frye, R.N. The History of Ancient Iran, Munich, 1984.
Goodman, M., The Ruling Class of Judaea, Cambridge, 1987.
Greatrex, G., Rome and Persia at War, 502-532, Leeds, 1998.
Greatrex, G., Lieu, S.N.C., The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian Wars, II, AD 363-630: A Narrative Sourcebook, London, 2002.
Hermann, G., The Iranian Revival, Oxford, 1977.
Potter, D.S., Prophecy and History in the Crisis of the Roman Empire: A Historical Commentary on the Thirteenth Sybilline Oracle, Oxford, 1990.
Schürer, E., A History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ, Edinburgh, 1973-1986.
Shahid, I., Byzantium and the Arabs in the Fourth Century, Washington,
Shahid, I., Byzantium and the Arabs in the Sixth Century, Washington,
Stoneman, R., Palmyra and its Empire: Zenobia’s Revolt against Rome, Ann Arbor, 1994.
Weishöfer, J., Ancient Persia from 550 BC to 650 AD, London, 1996.
Government and political geography
Balty, J.-Ch., ‘Apamea in Syria in the Second and Third Centuries AD’, Journal of Roman Studies 78 (1988), pp. 91-104.
Barnes, T., The New Empire of Diocletian and Constantine, Cambridge,
Braund, D., Rome and the Friendly King, London, 1983.
Browning, I., Palmyra, London, 1979.
Downey, G., A History of Antioch in Syria, Princeton, 1961.
Holum, K., et al., King Herod’s Dream: Caesarea by the Sea,
Jones, A.H.M., The Herods of Judaea, Oxford, 1938.
Jones, A.H.M., The Cities of the Eastern Roman Provinces, Oxford, 1971.
Taylor, J., Petra and the Lost Kingdom of the Nabataeans, London, 2001.
The Syrian countryside
Bowersock, G., ‘Social and Economic History of Syria under the Roman Empire’, in J.-M. Dentzer, W. Orthmann (ed.), Archéologie et histoire de la Syrie II: la Syrie de l’époque achéménide à l’avènement de l’Islam, Saarbrücken 1989, pp. 63-80.
Goodman, M., ‘Babatha’s Story’, Journal of Roman Studies 81 (1991), pp. 169-175.
Greene, K., The Archaeology of the Roman Economy, London, 1986, at pp. 138-140.
Pena, I., The Christian Art of Byzantine Syria, Reading, 1996.
Tate, G., ‘The Syrian Countryside’, in S. Alcock (ed.), The Early Roman Empire in the East, Oxford, 1997, pp. 55-71.
Trade and the economy
Fulford, M., ‘Economic Interdependence among Urban Communities of the Roman Mediterranean’, World Archaeology 19 (1987), pp. 58-75 (available on line).
Heichelheim, F.M., ‘Roman Syria’, in T. Frank (ed.), An Economic Survey of Ancient Rome, Baltimore, 1933-1940, vol. 4, pp. 121-257.
Kingsley, S., and Decker, M., Economy and Exchange in the Eastern Mediterranean during Late Antiquity, Oxford, 2001.
Military matters
Isaac, B., The Limits of Empire, Oxford, 1990, revised 1992.
Kennedy, D., ‘The East’, in J. Wacher (ed.), The Roman World, London, 1990, pp. 266-308.
Kennedy, D., The Roman Army in the East, Ann Arbor, 1996.
Kennedy, D., and Riley, D., Rome’s Desert Frontier from the Air, London, 1990.
Pollard, N., Soldiers, Cities and Civilians in Roman Syria, Ann Arbor, 2000.
ONLINE BIBLIOGRAPHY
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